The Style Sheet

Authors are asked to follow the following rules for text preparation:

  • Articles submitted to the journal should not exceed the volume of 1 publication sheet (up to 40 thousand characters with spaces). 
  • The document should be submitted electronically (in Word format): Times New Roman font, 12-point, 1.5-line spacing. If you use non-standard fonts (e.g. phonetic), please also send a PDF version. 
  • The units discussed in the papers (words, phrases) are italicised.
  • Quotations included in the text are written in quotation marks, longer quotations (more than two lines) - in separate paragraphs, in a smaller font, and without quotation marks.
  • We give the meanings of words in so-called 'phrases'.
  • We highlight keywords in bold.
  • Harvard-style citations are required. In the text, the author's surname, year of publication, and page numbers should be cited in the following format: (Majewski, 1999: 54–58).
  • Bottom footnotes are obligatory. Separate the individual elements of the bibliographic address with commas. In footnotes, we use abbreviations: ibid, op.cit., incipit of the title in case of citing more than one work of a given author.
  • All tables and graphs must be numbered, with titles and sources.
  • We compile the bibliography according to the following format:

Majewski M. (1999), Matematyka. Zbiór zadań dla klasy V szkoły podstawowej, Warszawa: WSiP. [If it is a single-volume publication (a book)] 
Zieliński A. (2003), Techniki organizatorskie. Nowe spojrzenie, „Przegląd Organizacji”, nr 2, s. 26–40. [If it is an article in a periodical] 
Wrześniewski K. (2000), Psychologiczne uwarunkowania powstawania i rozwoju chorób somatycznych, [w:] J. Strelau (red.), Psychologia, t. 3, Gdańsk: Gdańskie Wydawnictwo Psychologiczne, s. 35–48. [if it is a publication in a collaborative work].
Szelągowska-Mironiuk A. (2019), Źle przeżyta żałoba może mieć poważne konsekwencje. Jak oswoić śmierć?, https://deon.pl/wiara/wiara-i-spoleczenstwo/zle-przezyta-zaloba-moze-miec-powazne-konsekwencje-jak-oswoic-smierc,497991 [dostęp: 12.03.2023]. [if it is published online].
Uczelnia, [hasło w:] Słownik języka polskiego PWN, https://sjp.pwn.pl/sjp/uczelnia;2531969.html [dostęp: 13.03.2024] [if it is a dictionary entry].

  • If the publication has many authors, we give all the names. We also give book, chapter, and article titles in italics and journal titles in quotation marks.
  • Bibliographic items should be arranged alphabetically by authors' names. Works by a single author should be arranged alphabetically by title.
  • Due to the introduction of the electronic version of the journal, links to websites must be active and verified by the author before submitting the text to the editor with the date of access to the site described. Add in the DOI description if the cited materials have a DOI address, http://www.jezykoznawstwo.ahe.lodz.pl/sites/default/files/01J%C4%99zykoznawstwo_15_ZAYNULDINOV.pdf, (dostęp: 16-12-2013). DOI: 10.25312/2391-5137.15/2021_0lazt
  • For articles written in Cyrillic script, the bibliography must also be provided in English transcription according to BGN/PCGN.
  • Articles in conference languages (English, German, Russian, French, and Italian) are preferred.
  • Please include a short abstract (up to 15 lines) with the title and keywords in Polish and English.
  • Please include your title or degree, address of the scientific centre represented, private address, telephone number, and e-mail address.
  • Information about the sources of research financing, which the author will be asked about when submitting the article, will be published next to other metadata on the first page of the text.

Abstract – Editorial Requirements

The abstract should:

  • Present the research objective, applied methodology, research material, and the most important results and conclusions.
  • Be a self-contained, concise, and precise informative text (around 200 words).
  • Maintain an academic and impersonal style, avoiding evaluative language and journalistic elements.
  • Do not include citations, footnotes, or references to the literature, tables, or figures.
  • Be fully consistent in content with the article. 

 

Guidelines for creating alternative text (alt text) for authors of scientific articles

Alternative text (alt text) is a concise, accurate description of the content and function of an illustration, intended for readers who cannot see it (e.g. users of screen readers) and for systems that automatically process content. Alt text ensures accessibility, clarity, and equal access to the visual information contained in a scientific article.

  1. Purpose
    The alt text should convey the key scholarly informationprovided by the illustration, not merely describe its visual appearance.
  2. Scope of the description
    • Explain what the graphic shows and what conclusions can be drawn from it.
    • Include elements essential to the scientific argument (relationships, trends, comparisons).
    • Do not repeat the figure caption verbatim — the alt text complements it rather than duplicates it.
  3. Form
    • Keep the text concise, factual, and free of unnecessary phrases such as “the figure shows…”.
    • Use complete sentences or clear sentence equivalents.
    • Typically 1–3 sentences (up to approx. 150–200 characters), unless the complexity of the figure requires a longer description.
  4. Types of illustrations
    • Charts and graphs: describe the variables, data range, and the main trend or relationship.
    • Diagrams and schematics: explain the structure, stages of a process, or relationships between components.
    • Maps: indicate the area covered, scale, and significant spatial differences.
    • Photographs: describe elements that are scientifically relevant, not aesthetic details.
  5. What to avoid
    • Vague statements (“illustrative graphic”, “example chart”).
    • Purely decorative information.
    • Abbreviations or symbols without explanation (unless they are clear from the context).
  6. Purely decorative graphics
    If an illustration does not convey any substantive content, it should be marked as decorative and provided without alternative text.

Overarching principle:

A reader who cannot see the illustration should obtain the same scientific information from the alternative text as a reader who can see the graphic.